Clinical and metabolic characteristics in 165 patients with common COVID-19 / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the clinical and serological characteristics in rehabilitated patients with common novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19).Methods:A total of 165 patients with common COVID-19 were enrolled in this retrospective study, in which clinical data was collected from February 23 to March 15, 2020 in Leishenshan Hospital(Wuhan, China). The patients with COVID-19 were divided into elderly group and non-elderly group according to their age, and the differences in the clinical and serological metabolic characteristics between these two groups were analyzed.Results:49.7% patients were over 60 years old. The most common clinical symptoms were fever, cough, and fatigue, followed by muscle soreness. Expectoration and digestive tract symptoms were rare. Dyspnea occurred more frequently in the elderly group than in non-elderly group(47.56% vs 25.30%, P<0.01). Hypertension was the most common concomitant disease(accounting for 29.1%)followed by diabetes. Hypertension was more common in the elderly group than in non-elderly group(41.46% vs 16.86%, P<0.01), but without significant difference in diabetes between the two groups. The counts of leukocytes and lymphocytes in all patients were in the normal range, and no difference was observed between the groups. The comparison of serological indicators showed that serum creatinine in the elderly group was higher than that in the non-elderly group( P<0.01)while serum albumin, glomerular filtration rate, and serum calcium were lower in the elderly group. After serum albumin correction, the levels of albumin corrected calcium in all patients were in the normal range, without significant difference between these two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups when the length of hospital stay was taken as the index of outcome [(34.01±10.24) vs(30.97±10.51)d, P>0.05]. Conclusion:Fever, cough, and fatigue are the most common clinical symptoms in patients with ordinary COVID-19. The elderly are more likely to develop dyspnea. The blood routine and metabolic characteristics in patients with common COVID-19 are normal, but serum albumin level is more likely to decrease in elderly patients with COVID-19.

Effects of environmental exposure on allergic diseases in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

The prevalence of allergic diseases is rising in children as a result of complex gene-environment interactions.Environmental exposures can dramatically influence the phenotype of allergic diseases, including atopic eczema, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.Environmental factors associated with allergic diseases include chemical pollutants and allergens in the air, as well as other environmental exposures such as the microbiome.Indoor and outdoor air pollutants and allergens play an important role in the inflammatory response and clinical manifestations of allergic reactions caused by allergens.Strengthening environmental control and controlling environmental exposure is an important way to prevent allergic diseases.

Effects of environmental exposure on allergic diseases in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

The prevalence of allergic diseases is rising in children as a result of complex gene-environment interactions.Environmental exposures can dramatically influence the phenotype of allergic diseases,including atopic eczema,asthma,and allergic rhinitis.Environmental factors associated with allergic diseases include chemical pollutants and allergens in the air,as well as other environmental exposures such as the microbiome.Indoor and outdoor air pollutants and allergens play an important role in the inflammatory response and clinical manifestations of allergic reactions caused by allergens.Strengthening environmental control and controlling environmental exposure is an important way to prevent allergic diseases.

Analysis and suggestion about informatization of radioactive source safety oversiht system in China / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

This paper describes the status and uses of the National Radiation Safety Management System of Nuclear Technology Utilization ( NRSMS) and the purpose and significance of radioactive source safety oversight informatization. The emphasis is on the analysis of the current status, the summary of accomplishments and the identification of potential problems. It concluded with providing possible suggestions about radioactive source safety oversight informatization in China for use as reference for the management of radioactive source safety in China.

Effect of bacteria lysates and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice models / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To discuss the effects of bacteria lysates (OM-85BV),1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2-VitD3],two immune regulators on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice models,and its pathways of action on airway inflammation were discussed.Methods Forty male BALB/c mice graded 4-6 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups.Group A:control group;group B:asthmatic model group;group C:1,25-(OH)2-VitD3 group;group D:OM-85BV group;group E:combination group.On days 0 to 14,mice in C,D and E groups were given 1,25-(OH)2-VitD3,OM-85BV and 1,25-(OH)2-VitD3 + OM-85 BV,and mice in A,B groups were given 9 g/L saline instead.On days 15,22 and 29,mice in B,C,D,E groups were intraperitoneally with injection of ovalbumin(OVA)-aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3].Group A were given 9 g/L saline instead.On days 36 to 40,mice of B,C,D,E groups were given an aerosol challenge of 10 g/L OVA for 0.5 h once a day.Mice in the control group were given the same amount of 9 g/L saline.Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the final inhalational challenge,and for the recovered bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of the left lung was used for differential inflammatory cell counts and for detecting the level of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17).Right lung samples were used for pathological investigation and detecting the expression of the IL-17 mRNA and RORγt mRNA by real time-PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the asthma models expressed more serious expression in bronchospasm contraction,hyperplasia disorders of bronchial epithelial cells,infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung,and so on.Compared with the control group,the total number of inflammatory cells counts[(104.04 ±5.51) 107/L vs (22.79 ± 1.91) 107/L] and eosinophils proportion [(37.63 ± 3.64) ％ vs (2.37 ± 1.55) ％] in BALF in group B were significantly increased (all P ＜ 0.05),the levels of IL-17 [(85.13 ± 5.77) 103 pg/L vs (47.44 ± 4.57) 103 pg/L] in BALF were significantly higher(P ＜ 0.05),the relative expressions of IL-17 mRNA (13.68 ± 1.59 vs 1.00 ± 0.00) and RORγt mRNA (4.53 ± 0.51 vs 1.00 ± 0.00) in lung were higher,which had a statistical significance (all P ＜ 0.05).The situations of group C,D,E were obviously improved compared with group B,and those of group D were improved remarkably.Conclusions Oral OM-85BV and 1,25-(OH)2-VitD3 intervention could relieve the airway inflammation of asthmatic mice models,and its effect can be remarkable by oral OM-85BV.The two immune regulators could relieve the degree of airway inflammation on asthmatic mice models by reducing the expression of Th17 cells differentiation.Therefore the two immune regulators could be the choices for preventing the happening and the development of the asthmatic airway inflammation.

The impact of bacterial lysate on asthma prevention in mouse / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To establish mouse allergic asthma model and observe the effect of bacterial lysates (OM-85BV) on airway inlfammation. Methods Forty-eight 4 to 6 weeks healthy male BALB/c mice were used as research subjects and randomly divided into six groups, a:control group;b:OM-85BV contral group;c:allergic asthma model;d:dexamethasone group (Dex group);e:OM-85BV A group;f:OM-85BV B group (the intervention time was prolonged 10 days than group e). BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). Mice in groups c, d, e and f were intraperitoneally administered with antigen (OVA)-Al(OH)3 on days 1, 8 and 15, others were administered by PBS. From the 17th day to the 26th day, Mice in group f were treated with OM-85BV and others were treated with normal saline. In the next days, mice in groups c, d, e and f were intranasal given OVA for 5 consecutive days. Additionally, mice in groups b, e and f were treated with OM-85BV before challenge, while mice in the group d were administered by Dex, others were treated with normal saline at the same dose. Twenty four hours after the last intranasal administration, mice were anesthetized and dissected. Lungs were lavaged with PBS and bronchoalveolar lavage lfuid (BALF) was obtained. The total inlfammatory cells and eosinophils in BALF were counted. The total IgE levels of blood serum and IFN-γ/IL-4 levels of lavage were detected. The removed parts of lung tissue were collected for histological examination. Results Compared with groups a and b, lung tissue biopsies by HE staining from the asthma group showed obvious airway inlfammation. The situation of groups d and f was signiifcantly improved than group c, while the differences between groups e and c were not evident. Total cells and the number of eosinophils in BALF of group c (90.3±13.94×104/ml) were signiifcantly higher than that in groups a and b. Compared with the control group, levels of IL-4 in BALF (119.03±19.92 pg/ml) and IgE in serum (15.86±1.97 ng/ml) increased and levels of IFN-γin BALF (90.50±13.51 pg/ml) reduced signiifcantly. The corresponding levels of groups d, e and f were signiifcantly improved than group c (P<0.01). Conclusions Administered by OM-85BV helps regulate the balance between Th1/Th2 in asthmatic mice, reduce airway inlfammation, and prevent the occurrence and development of airway inlfammation.

Relationship of 25 (OH) D levels in cord and maternal peripheral blood / 临床儿科杂志

Object To explore the relationship of 25 (OH) D levels in cord and maternal peripheral blood to understand the maternal and neonatal vitamin D status in Songjiang District of Shanghai. Methods One hundred newborns delivered at the First People’s Hospital afifliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University and 20 pregnant women during November 2010 to January 2011 in Songjiang district were enrolled in the study. The levels of 25 (OH) D in cord and maternal blood were measured by ELISA and compared. Results Mean materna1 serum levels of 25 (OH) D was (23.42±5.23) nmol/L, and cord blood 25 (OH) D was (29.77±12.51) nmol/L. Maternal serum 25 (OH) D was positively correlated with cord blood 25 (OH) D (r=0.84, P<0.001). Conclusions This study shows that the prevalence of vitamin D deifciency in pregnant women is high in Shanghai Songjiang District, which could have adverse effects on newbowns.

A multi-center trial for the efficacy of nebulized budesonide inhalation in infants and young children with asthma exacerbations / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of different initial doses of nebulized budesonide inhalation (BI) in infants and young children with moderate to severe asthma exacerbations.Methods A multi-center,parallel controlled clinical trial was performed during Sep 2008 to Apr 2010 in three hospitals,which were Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai First People's Hospital,Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Xinhua Hospital,and Department of Respiratory,Fudan University Affiliated Children's Hospital.One hundred and fifty children aged 6 to 36 month with moderate to severe asthma exacerbations were randomly divided into two groups.The high-starting-dose group was treated with a dose of 1 mg nebulized BI every 8 h for 2 days,while the conventional-starting-dose group was treated with a dose of 0.5 mg cvcry 8 h for 4 days.The terbutaline sulfate aerosol liquid was administered with a dose of 2.5 mg each time as needed.The primary outcome measures were severity scores,which were assessed at admission (0 h),and 8 h,16 h,24 h,48 h,72 h after treatment separately.The secondary outcome measures included the use of β2 receptor agonist,the systemic use of corticosteroids,average length of hospital stay and total cost.The data was analyzed with SPSS 13.0.Results (1) The clinical severity scores were significantly decreased at all time points after treatment in both groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with conventional starting-dose of BI,high starting-dose of 3.25 ± 1.82,P ＜ 0.01).(2) The terbutaline doses and the systemic corticosteroids do-ses were significantly reduced in high-starting-dose group compared with conventional-starting-dose group [(16.27 ± 12.99) mg vs (22.90 ± 18.27) mg,P ＜ 0.05 ; (4.54 ± 18.18) mg vs (11.16 ± 21.34) mg,P ＜ 0.05).The average length of hospital stay and the total cost of the two groups showed no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).(3) There were no side effects associated with BI.Conclusion Compared with conventional treatment,high-starting-dose of BI can control symptoms fast and reduce the use of systemic corticosteroid without any side effects.BI improved symptoms more quickly at 8 h (2.87 ± 1.60 vs 4.48 ± 2.24,P ＜ 0.01) and 16 h (2.48 ± 1.56 vs

Clinical observation of valium and barbitone in the treatment of convulsion in neonate / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To explore the effect of valium and barbitone in the treatment of convulsion in neonate. Methods 156 children with convul sion were randomly divided into two groups, 77 cases in control group and 78 cases in treatment group. Results The instant and total effective rates of treatment group and control group were companed, respectively. There were significant difference between these two groups.Conclusion Valium and Barbitone is effective in treating neonate with convusion.

Antenatal Steroid Treatment to Prevent Early Non-oliguric Hyperkalemia in Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) Infants / 医学研究杂志

Objective To explore the effect of prenatal steroid (PNS) treatment on preventing early severe non-oliguric hyperkalemia in Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight (ELBW) infants.Methods Retrospective comparative analysis was performed on 31 ELBW infants who had been admitted to the hospital’s NICU between July 2001 and Jun 2005. Infants whose mothers received a full course of steroids before delivery (PNS group; n=18) were compared with those infants whose mothers did not receive steroids (NSG group; n=13). Infants were included in the PNS group if their mother was given one full course of dexamethasone ( 10 mg q12h4 doses) before delivery. The last dose must have been given at least 24 hours before delivery. The arterial blood gas , serum concentrations of potassium, sodium and creatinine were measured every 24 hours, and fluid intakes, urine outputs were monitored every day. Results Hyperkalemia was significantly lower in the PNS than in the NSG infants at the first 72 hours of age [5/18 cases ( 27.78%) vs 9/13 cases (69.23%)],P=0.023). However, the serum concentrations of sodium, creatinine, fluid intakes, urine outputs were not significantly difference in both groups. Conclusions Prenatal steroids treatment can reduce early severe non-oliguric hyperkalemia in EVBL infants.

Identification of genes with consistent expression alteration pattern in ACC-2 and ACC-M cells by cDNA array / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the molecular events and metastasis-related genes in ACC-2 and ACC-M cells of adenoid cystic carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-2 and a sample of adenoic cystic carcinoma cell clones highly metastatic to the lung (ACC-M) were investigated. ACC-2 and ACC-M cells were cultured and collected. Total RNA was extracted using standard Trizol RNA isolation protocol. The poly A mRNA was purified and labeled in reverse transcription using M-MLV reverse transcriptase in the presence of Easytides deoxyadenosin 5' triphosphate [alpha-(33)p]. A cDNA array was assembled with 7675 EST clones which represented the same number of independent single genes. Prepared nylon membranes were hybridized with the [alpha (33)p]-dATP labeled mRNA from ACC-2 and ACC-M cells. Membranes were exposed to phosphor screen.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The high-through put analysis of gene expression pattern was obtained from ACC-2 and ACC-M cells by the hybridization of the cDNA array. The difference of parallel gene expression was analyzed. Genes were clustered according to their expression level in the ACC-M compared with ACC-2 cells. According to each gene's ratio of expression level, there were 17 genes which were upregulated with ratios over 3.0, and there were 12 genes which were downregulated with ratios below 0.33 (1/3.0 = 0.33).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Significantly different expression patterns between ACC-2 and ACC-M by cDNA array were observed. The differences lie in signal pathways, tumor antigens, immune molecular and some unknown genes.</p>

Establishment of human immortalized oral epithelial cell line HIO615 induced by HPV16 E6 and E7 / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an immortalized oral epithelial cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Normal human oral epithelial cells were transfected with HPV16E6/E7 open reading frames using recombinant retroviral system pLXSN. Expression of HPV16E6 and E7 protein were tested by Western blot in three kinds of cells. To define cellular biological characterization of HPV16E6/E7 transfected cells, a series analysis were performed, including protraction of growth curve, HE staining, immunocytochemical staining and scanning electron microscope observation. The tumorigenicity was assessed by colony formation and transplanting the cells into nude mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Human oral epithelial cells transfected with HPVE6/E7 has been in culture for over 18 months. The cell line was named HIO615. Western blot analysis showed HIO615 expressed HPV16 E6 and E7 protein. HIOC were positive for cytokeratin, tonofibril and desmosome as observed by scanning electron microscope. The number of large colonies of dense multilayer cells was low (0.77%). No tumor developed in nude mice injected subcutaneously with HIOEC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A human immortalized oral epithelial cell line induced by HPV16E6 and E7 has been successfully established.</p>

Relation between the expression of P-gp and GST-pi in oral and maxillofacial squamous carcinoma and chemoresistance / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigating the relation between the expression of P-glycoprotein and Glutathione transferase-pi and the chemoresistance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of these two proteins in patients with oral and maxillofacial squamous carcinoma and normal oral tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate of P-gp and GST-pi in oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor was 57.1% and 53.6% respectively, and no expression in normal oral tissues; the expression of GST-pi was relevant to the resistance to cisplatin, while the expression of P-gp was relevant to the resistance to chemotherapeutic drug in general.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The method of immunohistochemistry combining MTT assay in vitro may become an efficient way to predict the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drug.</p>

Chemosensitivity testing of oral and maxillofacial cancer with biopsy specimens / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the chemosensitivity in fresh biopsy specimen of human oral and maxillofacial cancer, and the differential chemosensitivity among those drugs used popularly in clinic.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human biopsy cancer cells were obtained from 150 oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. The antitumor drugs tested using modified MTT assay were cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), Pinyangmycin (PYM), Paclitaxel (Taxol), Teniposide (Vm-26), Epi-adriamycin (E-ADM), Vindesin (VDS) and Methortrexatum (MTX).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The success rate of the MTT assay was 93.33% (140 of the 150 cases). At a drug concentration of Cmax x 5, the inhibition rates of oral tumor cells were 63.76% for Vm-26, 25.93% for CDDP, 25.86% for E-ADM, 23.52% for Taxol, 22.97% for PYM, 22.08% for 5-Fu, 18.42% for VDS and 18.93% for MTX. The inhibition rate of VM26 was significantly higher than any of other seven chemotherapeutic drugs (P < 0.05). Over forty percent patients with squamous cell carcinoma showed moderate chemosensitivity to VM-26, CDDP and E-ADM, and over forty percent cases with adenoid carcinoma showed moderate chemosensitivity to Vm-26, Taxol and E-ADM.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Most oral and maxillofacial cancers showed chemosensitivity to Vm-26, CDDP, E-ADM and Taxol. Vm-26, E-ADM and Taxol were more potent drugs than VDS, 5-Fu and MTX against oral and maxillofacial cancer cells. Chemosensitivity testing using modified MTT assay was useful in selecting antitumor drugs for patients with oral and maxillofacial cancers.</p>

The Study of Radon Level in Greenbelt Soil in Chengdu City / 环境与健康杂志

Objective The goal of this study is to know the level of radon in greenbelt soil in Chengdu city. Methods 152 monitoring sites were selected in the riverside, roadside, park, campus and residential area in Chengdu city. Concentration of radon in the soil was determined with KJD-2000R radon detector. Results Although the level of radon in the central area was higher than those in the peripheral area the level of radon in the riverside was higher than that in the parks, the mean level of radon investigated in this study (14 047 Bq/m3) was lower than the national mean level(7 300 Bq/m3). Conclusion It can be considered that the level of radon in the greenbelt soil in Chengdu city is in the normal range.

ROLES OF RETINOIC ACID IN DEVELOPMENT OF THYMOCYTE / 营养学报

Objective :To study the effect and mechanism of retinoic acid(RA) on thymocytes development. Methods:Thymus tissue culture system was used to investigate the roles of RA in maturation development of thymocytes. Thymus tissues were cultured with or without retinoic acid and/or retinoic acid receptor antagonist. The cultures were harvested after 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Thymocytes were stained with fluorescence labeled anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8 antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry. The real time quantitative RT-PCR assay was used to detect the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) mRNA expression in thymocytes. Results:The thymus tissue culture system was able to support the maturation of thymocytes. Addition of RA to the culture system promoted thymocytes differentiation from immature CD4+CD8+ cells to mature CD4+ cells, but inhibited the transformation from immature CD4+CD8+ cells to mature CD8+ cells. The effect was marked after 24h culture, and was antagonized by Ro41-5253. RA enhanced the expression of RAR mRNA in thymocytes. A positive correlation was found between the expression of RAR mRNA and the percentage of CD4+CD8+ cells and a negative correlation between the expression of RAR mRNA and the percentage of CD8+ cells. Conclusion:RA likely play an important role in thymocytes development, perhaps by affecting the relative expression of RAR gene.